Paper Presentations

Modes of Protection Within Electrical Systems for Application of Surge Suppression
Ronald Hotchkiss, Surge Suppression Incorporated

The focus of this paper is on the various electrical system modes as they relate to the design and installation of surge protective devices (SPDs). While a review of the single phase, split phase, and three-phase delta systems will be considered, special attention will be given to the three-phase wye system. Details regarding expected transient energy flow within this system and the varying methods of protecting against transient damage on equipment connected these systems will be provided. Several case studies will be cited to support this topic.

The paper will provide references to current and approved IEEE and NEMA standards regarding the topic of electrical system modes and modes of protection for surge protective devices including IEEE Standards 1100-1999 (Powering and Grounding Sensitive Electronic Equipment), C62.41.1-2002 (IEEE Guide on the Surge Environment in Low-Voltage (1000 V and Less) AC Power Circuits), NEMA LS-1-1992 (Low Voltage Surge Protective Devices (R2000)), as well as others.

Universal Power Quality Conditioner for the Elimination of Voltage Harmonics Using Digital Signal Processor
Anila Thyagarajan, Anna University
Uma Maheswari, Anna University

The aim of the paper is to develop a Universal Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) wherein, a Hybrid Active Filter (HAF) with integrated series active filter and parallel passive filter for power quality improvement is involved. The system is capable of compensating the voltage harmonics and partially the current harmonics in distribution system. The analysis allows to understand how the power exchange is achieved using a capacitor as a DC source. The total loss especially the switching loss is reduced by employing low – loss and fast – speed type IGBT.

The Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) is triggered by Space Vector PWM Technique (SVPWM). Simulation of the proposed control circuit is carried out in PSPICE. The Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the circuit, without and with the series active filter are calculated and compared. The comparison result shows that the voltage harmonics are suppressed after incorporating the series active filter. The prototype model controlled using TMS320F2407 dsp processor is in progress to validate the simulation results.

Powerline Surge Elimination
J. Rudy Harford, Zero Surge Inc.

New SPD Technology
A new powerline surge elimination tech-nology has been developed for use with SPDs (Surge Protective Devices).

Transformer cancellation
This new SPD technology uses a transformer to develop a voltage which opposes the normal surge let-through voltage. When the transformer secondary voltage is added to the SPD output, the surge voltage is effectively eliminated from the output. Even for a worst-case Category B3, C1 surge (6kv, 3ka), the surge let-through voltage is simply the normal powerline peak voltage.

Wide Voltage Range
Complementing the surge elimination property is the wide voltage range, with continuous operation from 85 vrms to 265 vrms capability in a single product.

1,000 surge endurance
Since the technology avoids sacrificial components, and uses proven Series Mode filter components, 1,000 surge worst-case endurance is assured.

Down Time
Where down time is an issue, this new technology, which eliminates surges while operating over a wide voltage range, and exhibiting exceptional endurance, should receive careful consideration.